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Irvine, California
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Everything about Irvine California totally explainedIrvine is an incorporated city in Orange County, California, United States. It is a planned city, mainly developed by the Irvine Company since the 1960s. Formally incorporated on December 28 1971, the 69.7 square mile (180.5 km²) city has a population of 202,079 ( as of 2007). It has annexed in the past an undeveloped area to the north, and has also annexed the former El Toro Marine Corps Air Station, most of which is to be made into a park called the Orange County Great Park. Currently, Irvine is larger in land area than any other city in Orange County because of its annexation of the southern and eastern unincorporated areas. In June 2007, it was named The Safest City in the United States (Irvine has held the title since 2005)..
Irvine is home to the University of California, Irvine (UCI), Concordia University, the Orange County Center of University of Southern California, and the Irvine campuses of Alliant International University, California State University Fullerton, and Pepperdine University. Irvine Valley College, a community college, is also located in the city.
Irvine is also home to a number of corporations, particularly in the technology sector.
History
Irvine was inhabited by the Gabrielino Indians about 2,000 years ago. Gaspar de Portola, a Spanish explorer, came to the area in 1769. This brought on the establishment of forts, missions and herds of cattle. The King of Spain parceled out land for missions and private use.
After Mexico's independence from Spain in 1821, the Mexican government secularized the missions and assumed control of the lands. It began distributing the land to Mexican citizens who applied for grants. Three large Spanish/Mexican grants made up the land that later became the Irvine Ranch: Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana, Rancho San Joaquin and Rancho Lomas de Santiago.
In 1864, Jose Sepulveda, owner of Rancho San Joaquin sold to Benjamin and Thomas Flint, Llewellyn Bixby and James Irvine for $18,000 to resolve debts due to the Great Drought. In 1866, Irvine, Flint and Bixby acquired Rancho Lomas de Santiago for $7,000. After the Mexican-American war the land of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana fell prey to tangled titles. In 1868, the ranch was divided among four claimants as part of a lawsuit: Flint, Bixby and Irvine. The ranches were devoted to sheep grazing. However, in 1870, tenant farming was permitted.
In 1878, James Irvine acquired his partners' interests for $150,000. His stretched from the Pacific Ocean to the Santa Ana River. James Irvine died in 1886. The ranch was inherited by his son, James Irvine, Jr. who incorporated it into The Irvine Company. James, Jr. shifted the ranch operations to field crops, olive and citrus crops.
In 1888, the Santa Fe Railroad extended its line to Fallbrook Junction (north of San Diego) and named a station along the way after James Irvine. The town that formed around this station was named Myford, after Irvine's son, because a post office in Calaveras County already bore the family name. The town was later renamed Irvine, however, in 1914. (External Link )
By 1918, of lima beans were grown on the Irvine Ranch. Two Marine Corps facilities were built on the ranch during World War II and sold to the government.
James Irvine, Jr. died in 1947 at the age of 80. His son, Myford, assumed the presidency of The Irvine Company. He began opening small sections of the Irvine Ranch to urban development. Myford died in 1959. The same year, the University of California asked The Irvine Company for for a new university campus. The Irvine Company gave away the requested land and the State purchased an additional 500 acres (2 km²).
William Pereira, the University's consulting architect, and The Irvine Company planners drew up master plans for a city of 50,000 people surrounding the new university. The area would include industrial, residential and recreational areas, commercial centers and greenbelts. The new community was to be named Irvine; the old agricultural town of Irvine, where the railroad station and post office were located, was renamed East Irvine. (External Link) The villages of Turtle Rock, University Park, Culverdale, the Ranch and Walnut were completed by 1970.
On December 28, 1971, the residents of these communities voted to incorporate a substantially larger city than the one envisioned by the Pereira plan. By January 1999, Irvine had a population of 134,000 and a total area of .
Government
Local
Irvine is a charter city, operating under a Council/Manager form of government.
City Council
The City Council consists of the Mayor and four City Council members. The Mayor serves a two year term and Council members serve 4 year terms. The city has a two term limit for elected officials. Elections are held every two years, on even-numbered years. During each election, two Council members and the Mayor's seat is up for consideration. The City Council appoints the City Manager, who functions as the chief administrator of the city. The City Council sets the policies for the city, and the City Manager is responsible for implementing the policies.The City Council appoints volunteers that serve on various advisory boards, commissions and committees.
City Departments
The City of Irvine is served by seven departments. These departments are responsible for managing and performing all of the business of the City Hall and its services:
- City Manager
- City Clerk
- Administrative Services
- Community Development
- Public Safety
- Public Works
- Redevelopment
Services
Irvine has three independent districts: Educational, Police and Utilities. Other government services are:
Animal control
Building and safety regulation and inspection
General administrative services
Planning and zoning
Public facility/capital improvement construction
Recreation and cultural programs
Refuse collection and recycling
Street lighting
Street maintenance
Landscape maintenance and transportation management
Emergency services
Irvine contracts with the County of Orange for fire and medical services. Fire protection in Irvine is provided by the Orange County Fire Authority with ambulance service by Doctor's Ambulance. Law enforcement is provided by the Irvine Police Department. The Irvine Police Department serves a suburban city rated the safest US city in the 2007 FBI crime statistic survey (External Link).
State and Federal
In the state legislature Irvine is located in the 33rd and 35th Senate Districts, represented by Republicans Dick Ackerman and Tom Harman respectively, and in the 70th Assembly District, represented by Republican Chuck DeVore. Federally, Irvine is located in California's 48th congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of R +8 and is represented by Republican John Campbell.
Geography
Irvine is located at (33.684065,-117.792581)
According to the United States Census Bureau, the City has a total area of 120.4 km² (46.5 mi²). 119.61 km² (46.2 mi²) of it's land and 0.8 km² (0.3 mi²) of it's water.
The cities bordering Irvine include Tustin, Santa Ana, Lake Forest, Aliso Viejo, Costa Mesa, Newport Beach.
Climate
Irvine, like most of coastal Southern California, generally has a Mediterranean climate. The name derives from its similarity to the climate of areas along the Mediterranean Sea. Summers are warm to hot, and winters are cool, rarely falling below freezing. Precipitation in Irvine occurs predominantly during the winter months. The average January temperature in Irvine is 56 degrees Fahrenheit, while the average August temperature is .
A planned city
The layout of Irvine was designed by Los Angeles architect William Pereira and Irvine Company employee Raymond Watson, and is nominally divided into townships called villages. The townships are separated by six-lane streets. Each township includes a spectrum of similar types of dwellings, along with shopping, religious institutions and schools. Commercial districts are checker-boarded in a periphery around the central townships.
Pereira originally envisioned an Atlantis-like circular plan with numerous man-made lakes and the university in the center. When the Irvine Company refused to relinquish valuable farmland in the flat central region of the ranch for this plan, the University site was moved to the base of the southern coastal hills. The design that ended up being used was based on the shape of a necklace (with the villages strung along two parallel main streets, which terminate at UCI, the "pendant") . Traces of the original circular design are visible in the layout of the UCI campus and the two man-made lakes at the center of Woodbridge, one of the central villages.
All streets have landscaping allowances. Rights-of-way for powerlines also serve as bicycle corridors, parks and greenbelts to tie together ecological preserves. The greenery is irrigated with reclaimed water.
The homeowners' associations which govern some village neighborhoods exercise varying degrees of control on the appearances of homes. In more restrictive areas, houses' roofing, paint colors, and landscaping are regulated. A notable exception is the Village of Northwood, which was developed beginning in the early 1970s independent of the Irvine Company, and thus has the distinction of being a larger village that isn't under the purview of a homeowners' association. As a result, homeowners in Northwood don't pay a monthly village association fee; and its neighborhoods are generally not as uniform in appearance as those in other villages such as West Park and Woodbridge, the latter which, however, generally offer more amenities such as members-only swimming pools, tennis courts, and parks.
In addition to association dues, homeowners in villages developed in the 1980s and later may be levied a Mello-Roos assessment, which came about in the post-Proposition 13 era. For homeowners in these areas, the association dues coupled with the Mello-Roos assessment may add significantly to the cost of living in the city.
The Irvine Ranch played host to the Boy Scouts of America's 1953 National Scout Jamboree. Jamboree Road, an important street which now stretches from Newport Beach to the City of Orange, was named in honor of this event.
The Villages
Each of the villages was initially planned to have a distinct architectural theme, though many have been clouded by later development.
College Park
Deerfield (mixed styles)
El Camino Real (Spanish/Neo-Eclectic)
Irvine Spectrum (Contemporary/Moroccan)
Laguna Crossing (future village)
Northpark/Northpark Square (Spanish Mission)
Northwood (Bungalow, Craftsman)
Oak Creek (mixed styles)
Orchard Hills (Rural Craftsman/Tuscan)
Portola Springs (Spanish/Tuscan)
Planning Area 40 (Future Village)
Quail Hill (Spanish/Tuscan)
Rancho San Joaquin (Shed style)
Rosegate (Spanish/Tuscan)
Shady Canyon (Tuscan Ranch)
Stonegate (future village)
Turtle Ridge (Tuscan)
Turtle Rock (mixed styles)
University Park (California Modern)
University Town Center (mixed styles)
Walnut (Prairie Style)
West Irvine, Irvine, California (California Modern)
Westpark, Irvine, California (Italian Riviera/Mediterranean)
Woodbridge (Atlantic Coast)
Woodbury (Tuscan/Spanish/French)
Woodbury East (Under construction)
The Ranch
Parkside
Harvard Square, Irvine, California
Note: University Hills is subsidized (20-30% below market pricing) for professors and retired professors. It is the first such community of its kind in the nation.
Demographics
The census of 2000 found there were 143,072 people, 51,199 households, and 34,354 families in the city. The population density is 1,196.2/km² (3,098.0/mi²), as of the census. There are 53,711 housing units at an average density of 449.1/km² (1,163.0/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 61.06% White, 1.45% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 29.83% Asian American, 1.14% Pacific Islander, 2.54% from other races, and 4.82% from two or more races. 7.37% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 51,199 households out of which 36.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% are married couples living together, 9.8% have a female householder with no husband present, and 32.9% are non-families. 22.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 5.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.70 persons and the average family size is 3.17.
In the city the population is spread out with 23.5% under the age of 18, 14.4% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 7.2% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years. For every 100 females there are 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.0 males.
According to a 2006 estimate, the median income for a household in the city is $84,270, and the median income for a family is $103,604.(External Link) 9.1% of the population and 5.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 6.1% of those under the age of 18 and 5.6% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
In 2006, the median gross rent paid for housing was $1,660 a month. This was the highest of any place in the United States of more than 100,000 people.
The skyrocketing high cost of housing is a major issue in Irvine and Orange County, while the city council is on a frantic pace to approve future income-subsidized housing projects to meet the demands of working-class citizens to live and work in Irvine or elsewhere in Orange County. Like much of Orange County, more resident voters are registered in the Republican Party than the Democratic Party .
Education
Most of Irvine is located in the Irvine Unified School District. The four high schools in the city are University High School, Irvine High School, Northwood High School, and Woodbridge High School. All four are recognized as some of the most distinguished public high schools in the United States. Each earned a six-year accreditation in 2006, the best possible.
All the high schools in Irvine have consistently made Newsweek's list of Top High Schools. In 2003, University High School ranked 58th(External Link)out of the top 804 high schools in the nation while Northwood High School ranked 404th(External Link), Irvine High School ranked 505th(External Link), and Woodbridge High School ranked 803rd(External Link). In 2005, University High School ranked 117th(External Link) out of the top 1000 high schools with Northwood High School ranking 389th(External Link), Irvine High School ranking 816th(External Link), and Woodbridge High School ranking 1040th(External Link). In 2006, University High School ranks at 156th(External Link) out of 1,200 top high schools while Northwood High School ranks at 296th(External Link), Irvine High School ranks at 1044th(External Link), and Woodbridge High School rank at 1156th(External Link). And in 2007, University High School ranked 76th among the top 100 high schools in the nation as listed by US News & World Report. All of these schools on the Newsweek list were in the top 4 percent in the nation.
Also the elementary and middle schools are some of the best in the nation, including two alternative, year round, open enrollment K-8 schools (Plaza Vista and Vista Verde). (External Link)(External Link) The district recently constructed a new larger high tech campus for Vista Verde School in the village of Turtle Ridge. The district also has a renowned music program starting in the 4th grade. Parts of the north and west of the city are served by the Tustin Unified School District.
Colleges and universities
Irvine is home to University of California, Irvine, which is the second-newest campus (established 1965) in the UC system after University of California, Merced. Concordia University and Irvine Valley College are also in Irvine, while Chapman University and Soka University of America are in adjacent cities.
Libraries
Irvine has two libraries: Heritage Park Regional Library and University Park Library. The Heritage Library serves as the regional reference library for Central Orange County and has a strong business focus while the University Park Library has 95,745 books including a substantial Chinese collection. According to www.ocpl.org, "Katie Wheeler Library," opens in February 2008 . Katie Wheeler was the granddaughter of James Irvine, and the library is a replica of the house owned by Irvine in which she grew up.
Economy
The majority of the Irvine's economic development is coordinated through the Destination Irvine program run by the Chamber of Commerce. The program provides information and assistance on business related incentives, demographics, development standards and various services such as affordable housing and childcare, schools.
Irvine is also considered a premier location for film projects due to its expansive areas and state of the art structure and facilities. It offers free or low-cost filming permits, location information and appealing and convenient visual opportunities.
Top Employers
Source
Irvine Community Television
The Irvine Community Television (ICTV) produces and broadcasts television programs on news, sports, arts, culture, safety for the Irvine community. The motto of ICTV is For You, About You. ICTV can be viewed within the city of Irvine on Cox Communications channel # 30. ICTV is also available to view online at ICTV Live Streaming.
Parks and recreation
Irvine has Community Parks and Neighborhood Parks. The Community Parks have public facilities located on each site. Neighborhood Parks provide open space and some recreational amenities within the various villages of Irvine.
Community Parks
Alton Athletic Park
Colonel Bill Barber Marine Corps Memorial Park
Deerfield Community Park
Harvard Athletic Park
Harvard Skatepark
Heritage Park
Hicks Canyon Park
Lakeview Senior Center
Las Lomas Community Park
Lower Peters Canyon Community Park
Northwood Community Park
Oak Creek Community Park
Quail Hill Community Park
Rancho Senior Center
Turtle Rock Community Park
University Community Park
Windrow Community Park
Woodbridge Community Park
Woodbury Community Park
Neighborhood Parks
Alderwood Park
Blue Gum Park
Brywood Park
Canyon Park
Carrotwood Park
Chaparral Park
Citrusglen Park
College Park
Comstock Park
Coralwood Park
Creekview Park
Dovecreek Park
Flagstone Park
Hoeptner Park
Homestead Park
Knollcrest Park
Meadowood Park
Orchard Park
Pepperwood Park
Pinewood Park
Plaza Park
Presley Park
Racquet Club Park
Ranch Park
San Carlo Park
San Leandro Park
San Marco Park
Silkwood Park
Sycamore Park
Trailwood Park
Valencia Park
Valley Oak Park
Willows Park
Woodside
Transportation
Transit Services
Local bus routes are operated by the Orange County Transportation Authority. Additionally, Irvine is served by commuter rail at both the Irvine and Tustin stations of the Metrolink Orange County Line and the IEOC Line. OCTA is currently implementing a major service increase on the Orange County line, with trains running every 30 minutes. A four-story parking structure is currently under construction at the Irvine station to coincide with the service increase.
Plans are currently underway to connect the Orange County Great Park to the Irvine Spectrum and surrounding businesses with a fixed-route transit system, also stopping at the Irvine Transportation Center. As of early 2008, two possible routes have been selected, and the vehicles have been narrowed down to a either a traditional streetcar, elevated people mover, or rubber-tired vehicles operating in a separate right-of-way. The project has been dubbed the Guideway Demonstration Project". City planners envision it as a starter system for a potentially more expansive transit system throughout Irvine.
The city of Irvine has also recently begun operating the Irvine Business Complex Shuttle, on three routes linking the Tustin Metrolink station to the Irvine Business District and John Wayne Airport.
Bikeways
Irvine offers a system of bicycle lanes and trails to encourage the use of bikes as a means of transportation. There are of off-road bicycle trails and of on-road bicycle lanes in Irvine.
Sister city controversy
On May 30, 2006, without the knowledge of the City Council or City Manager, an Irvine City Staff member signed a sister-city memorandum with the Xuhui District of
Shanghai. The memorandum disavowed the legitimacy of Taiwan's sovereignty, barred Irvine officials from making official trips to Irvine's sister city Taoyuan, Taiwan, and prohibited the City of Irvine from participating in events relating to the sovereignty of Taiwan. After the memorandum was made public, an uproar arose from the Irvine Taiwanese American community. In response, the City Council held hearings to negate the validity of this memorandum and to suggest more inclusive and appropriate language. Xuhui District didn't respond to Irvine's request and the memorandum was terminated.
Notable Natives & Residents
Dick Ackerman - politican and California State Senator
Larry Agran - politician and Irvine Council member
Joey Allen - guitarist for glam metal band Warrant
Brady Anderson - Major League Baseball player
Garret Anderson - Major League Baseball player
Garrett Atkins - Major League Baseball player
C. David Baker - commissioner of the Arena Football League and former Irvine Council member
William E. Barber - Medal of Honor United States Marine Corps officer
Amanda Beard - Olympic swimmer
John B. T. Campbell III - politician and U.S. Congressman
Jeanne Carmen - model, pin-up girl, and actress
Cashis - rapper
Steven Choi - politician and Irvine Council member
Tim Commerford - bassist for rock band Rage Against the Machine, former bassist for Audioslave
Lindsay Davenport - professional tennis player
Zack de la Rocha - lead singer for rock band Rage Against the Machine
Jack DeSena - sketch comedy actor on Nickelodeon's All That
Kevin Drum - political blogger for the Washington Monthly
Tom Dumont - guitarist for rock band No Doubt
East West - Christian rapcore band
Eric Ebert - professional football (soccer) player
Jim Edmonds - Major League Baseball player
Will Ferrell - actor and comedian
Bob Hamelin former Major League Baseball player
Hugh Hewitt - author, radio talk show host, and blogger
Quinton Jackson - professional mixed martial arts fighter and UFC Light-Heavyweight Champion
Ross Johnson - politician and former California State Legislator
Adam Keefe - former National Basketball Association player
Mark Langston - former Major League Baseball player
Nam Le - professional poker player
Martin Leung - pianist known as the Video Game Pianist
Jason Lezak - Olympic swimmer
Doug Linton - former Major League Baseball pitcher
Ben Maller - sports radio personality
Chris Mandeville - former National Football League defensive back
Mark McGwire - former Major League Baseball player
Annalee Newitz - science and technology journalist
Beverly Oden - Olympic volleyball player
Elaina Oden - Olympic volleyball player
Kim Oden - Olympic volleyball player
Nicole Parker - comedian actress
Leonard Peikoff - Objectivist philosopher and intellectual heir to novelist-philosopher Ayn Rand
Jason Peoples - winner of the reality television show Average Joe (Season 1)
Aaron Piersol - Olympic swimmer
Chris Pronger - National Hockey League player
Kaysar Ridha - contestant on reality television show Big Brother 6 and 7
Jim Rome - sports radio personality
Scott Spiezio - former Major League Baseball player
Thrice - post-hardcore band
Sudhir Alladi Venkatesh - sociologist and urban ethnographer
Dita Von Teese - burlesque performer
Tim Wallach - former Major League Baseball player
Amy Yao - bassist for Riot grrrl band Emily's Sassy Lime
Natasha Watley - Olympic softball player
Caroline Zhang - figure skater
See also List of University of California, Irvine people.
Points of interest
Ayn Rand Institute
Boomers! (formerly Palace Park)
California State University Fullerton, Irvine Campus
Concordia University, Irvine
Fashion Institute of Design and Merchandising, Orange County Campus
Heritage Park
Irvine Fine Arts Center
Irvine Ranch Land Reserve
Irvine Spectrum Center
Islamic Center of Irvine
John Wayne Airport
Mariners Church, 2nd Largest Christian Church in Orange County
Marymount-Webster University, Irvine Campus
Mason Park
Old Town Irvine
Orange County Great Park
Pao Fa Temple
Strawberry Farms Golf Club
The Market Place (Tustin and Irvine)
University of California, Irvine
University of California, Irvine, Arboretum
Verizon Wireless Amphitheatre
Wild Rivers
Business
The following companies are headquartered in Irvine:
Allergan, Inc.
AskMeNow Inc.
ATEN Technology, Inc. (a division of ATEN International, Inc.)
BAX Global
Blizzard Entertainment
Broadcom Corporation
Claim Jumper
Conexant Systems
Edwards Lifesciences LLC
Epicor Software Corporation
Fisker Coachbuild
GameSpy (a division of IGN Entertainment, Inc.)
Gateway, Inc.
iLounge
Kofax
In-N-Out Burger
LA Fitness
Linksys (a division of Cisco Systems)
Maruchan, Inc. (a division of Toyo Suisan)
Meade Instruments Corporation
Mossimo Corporation
O'Neill, Inc.
Printronix
St. John
Saleen Inc.
Standard Pacific
Superformance, LLC
Taco Bell (a division of Yum! Brands, Inc.)
Ultimate Ears
The following international companies have their North American headquarters in Irvine:
Atlus
BenQ Corporation
Kia Motors
Marukome
Mazda Motor Corporation
Samsung Group
Shimano
Toshiba Corporation
Twinning or Sister cities
Irvine is twinned with:
Filming location
According to the Internet Movie Database (IMDB), the following productions have either been partially or entirely filmed in Irvine:
11th Annual Young Comedians, The (1987) (TV)
All That I Need (2005)
Anokha (2004)
Beneath the Surface (2007)
Bill Fillmaff's Secret System (2006)
Care of the State (2005)
Changing the Taste of Mud (2005)
Chase, The (1994)
Confessions of a Peep Show Junkie (2006)
Conquest of the Planet of the Apes (1972)
Corey Holcomb: The Problem Is You (2004)
Creator (1985)
Deconstructing the Family (2007)
Defending Your Life (1991)
Demolition Man (1993)
Depth Solitude (1997)
Devo: Live (2004)
Dino Adino (2004)
Entering the Student Body (2005)
Fuckin' with Dave Pounder (2003)
Girl with an Accent (2005)
Gleaming the Cube (1989)
Gohar-e shab cheragh (1998)
Golden Arrow, The (2003)
Harmony Heights (2006)
Heart Like a Wheel (1983)
How 87 Learned to Smile (2005)
Imaginary Girls (2004)
Invisible Light (2003)
Jihad: Searching for Answers (2007)
Kiss the Girls (1997)
L.A. Proper (2008)
My RV Life (2006) (TV)
Ocean's Eleven (2001)
Pablo Francisco: Bits and Pieces - Live from Orange County (2004)
Planet Earth (1974)
Planet of the Apes (1968)
Poltergeist (1982)
Promise, A (2005)
Rage Against the Machine (1997)
Raspberry & Lavender (2004)
Reign Over Me (2007)
Rhapsody (2006)
A Scanner Darkly (2006)
"SexTV" (1998): In the Company of Men: Gender in the Face of War/Sex and Psyops TV Episode
Shadow Man, The (2006)
Silent Movie (1976)
Sublime: Stories, Tales, Lies & Exaggerations (1998)
Things You Don't Tell... (2006)
Tiger (1997)
View from the Top (2003)
Waiting for Isaac (2006)
You, Me and Dupree (2006)
Further Information
Get more info on 'Irvine California'.
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